1-Enumerate the causes of bleeding.

Coagulation disorder:

Congenital Coagulation disorder:

• Hemophilia A,B
• Von willibrand′s disease
  
• Coagulation factor deficiency

Acquired Coagulation disorder:

• DIC
• Vitamin K deficiency
• Pathological anticoagulant
• Hepatic disorder
• Renal disorder
• Cardiopulmonary by-pass
• Massive transfusion
• Drug induced bleeding
• Malignant disorder

Platelet disorder:

Quantitative platelet disorder:

• Thrombocytopenia ( decrease number of platelet ) caused by:
  

1-Decrease production:

congenital : eg Fanconi anemia , Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia.

Aquired: Marrow failure ,marrow infiltration ,viral infection

2- Increase destruction

A- Immune causes:

• Formation of auto-immune antibodies eg ITP(immune thrombocytopenic purpura), Evan'S syndrome and SLE.
• Formation of allo-immune antibodies: Post-transfusion ,post-transplantation and post-natal.
• Drug induced antibodies.

B- Non immune causes:DIC ( disseminated intravascular coagulation),TTP( thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura)HUS (hemolytic uremic syndrome)....

3- Sequestration

4-Massive transfusion

Thrombocythemia( increase number of platelet )

Due to

1- Primary thrombocythemia

2- Secondary thrombocythemia

Qualitative platelet disorder:

Congenital :eg Glanzmanns purpura and bernard soulier syndrome(BSS)